On the southern side of the square stands the magnificent portal of the Abbasi Jame Mosque with its twin flanking minarets. The date of the end of the portal decoration and construction is 1616. The construction of Abbasi Jame mosque started in 1611. The dome chamber is the most significant part of the southern porch, 22.5 meters in diameter and with walls 4.5 meters thick, supporting a turquoise high-rise double layer dome on top. The 52 meters high heart shape external dome shell is built over an internal 38 meters hyperbolical dome with an 11-meter gap between them. One of the most interesting characteristics of this dome is the acoustics. Standing under the dome (especially in the center) all sounds produce an echo. The beauty of the dome hall is enhanced by an exquisite marble pulpit with 12 stairs next to the prayer niche.

There are two theological schools flanking the mosque and referred to as the Naserieh and the Soleimanieh Madrasahs.